It in the vicinity west of the Tios/Filyos Ridge, where Zonguldak province’s fortress was located, the history of Tios (ancient Filyos) dates back from the end of the 4^th to the start of the 3^rd century BC.  According to Stephan’s of Yyzantion, the city was founded by Tios, a priest of Miletos, and the city was named Tion. However, according to Prof. Bilge Umar, it is not possible for a city to carry a name of a priest. Miletos cities in this region were founded in the 7th century BC and Miletos was a Hellenistic city in the 7th century BC. The castle of Filyos city was built in medieval times. The castle is made of rubble stone and bricks, and in a very good condition.  From the castle, numerous archaeological traces including a Roman wall, an amphitheatre and a three arched wall belonging to a large, two stories structure can easily be seen.  The castle and its adjacent theatre have been partially restored as a result of work started in 2001. Restoration works are ongoing. Excavations are ongoing in the ancient city. Many architectural remains are visible above ground including the ancient cemetery, the amphitheatre and the vaulted top of the vomitorium. There is also a large, two storied building with three-arched walls and a temple close to its southwest.  Ancient pottery sherds can be found, spread across the modern city and surrounding countryside covering the ancient city. In summary, the city of Tios was founded in the in the 7th century BC, as the city of Miletos, by peoples coming from Persian, the Roman, the Genoese and Ottoman origins. The city remained a regional settlement centre for many years, until gradually, the current, modern settlement of Filyos was built on top of the old.

The ancient city of Filyos is the only unspoiled Roman era remains in the region. The ruins of the Roman era include harbour walls, the aqueduct, a theatre, a defence tower and the ancient harbour and detachment. Another significant element is the belden-a fortification wall.  The theatre is a Diazomian Theatre in style. Large parts of the theatre are preserved, including the seating area, stage, the parados and the part of the Analemnawall in the west.  A significant portion of the theatre however was destroyed, its stones later re-used as building blocks. To the north of the theatre some arches of the ancient aqueduct (aguadak) are visible. This structure shows that the city brought in water from afar. Ground Penetrating Radar was carried out in this part of the ancient city, in order to determine the extent of buried architecture stull to be recovered.

The structure called The Cave is actually a remnant of an architectural structure. The inner walls of the cavern made, sharp and sealed with mortar. Inside are many separate rooms as investigated via geomagnetic survey. Finally, the remains and extent of the ancient port, extending into the sea remain highly visible. A testament to the important of Tios in ancient times.